During its long history, Istanbul has served as the Capital of the Roman Empire (330-395), the East Roman Empire or the Byzantine (395-1204 and 1261-1453), the Latin Empire (1204-1261), and the Ottoman Empire (1453-1922). Located in the center of the old world, this exotic city is famous for its historical monuments and scenic views. It is the only city in the world which spreads over two continents: Asia and Europe which are separated by a narrow strait - the Bosporus. Istanbul is adorned with the masterpieces of Turkish art, the great mosques of the Sultans that crown the hills. The city presents an exquisite, majestic and serene silhouette from all directions. Although renowned for its mystery and history, Istanbul is one of the biggest metropolis in the world with a prime location; one foot in Europe and one in Asia. Thus Istanbul retains its fascinating differences, and its contradictions: mosques coexist with churches, and remnants of the Roman Empire still stand alongside ancient Hittite and Neolithic sites.
In its south stretches the Marmara Sea and in north is the Black Sea. Its western part is in Europe and eastern in Asia. The strategic and aesthetic strait that separates the two coasts of Istanbul together with the two continents is the Bosporus which is the first gate from the Black Sea to the Aegean and then onto the Mediterranean.